NOTICES TO AIRMEN (NOTAM)—A notice containing time-critical information that is either of a temporary nature or is not known far enough in advance to permit publication on aeronautical charts or other operation publications. This can include the establishment, condition, or change in any facility, service, procedure, or hazard in the National Airspace System.
OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS—Lights that can be found both on and off an airport to identify obstructions.
OCCLUDED FRONT—A frontal occlusion occurs when a fast-moving cold front catches up with a slowmoving warm front. The difference in temperature within each frontal system is a major factor in determining whether a cold or warm front occlusion occurs.
OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE (OAT)—The measured or indicated air temperature (IAT) corrected for compression and friction heating. Also referred to as true air temperature.
OVERBOOST—A condition in which a reciprocating engine has exceeded the maximum manifold pressure allowed by the manufacturer. Can cause damage to engine components.
PARALLELS—Lines of latitude.
PARASITE DRAG—That part of total drag created by the form or shape of airplane parts. Parasite drag increases with an increase in airspeed.
PAYLOAD (GAMA)—The weight of occupants, cargo, and baggage.
PERSONALITY—The embodiment of personal traits and characteristics of an individual that are set at a very early age and extremely resistant to change.
P-FACTOR—A tendency for an aircraft to yaw to the left due to the descending propeller blade on the right producing more thrust than the ascending blade on the left. This occurs when the aircraft's longitudinal axis is in a climbing attitude in relation to the relative wind. The P factor would be to the right if the aircraft had a counterclockwise rotating propeller.
PHUGOID OSCILLATIONS — Long-period oscillations of an aircraft around its lateral axis. It is a slow change in pitch accompanied by equally slow changes in airspeed. Angle of attack remains constant, and the pilot often corrects for phugoid oscillations without even being aware of them.
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